【英语语法】独立主格结构中分词的时态和语态

【英语语法】独立主格结构中分词的时态和语态，珠海IBS编辑和大家分享独立主格结构中分词的时态和语态的例句说明，请阅读下文。

独立主格结构中分词的时态和语态

例如：

He lay on the grass，the sun shining upon him. (the sun 和 shine 是主动的关系）

【译文】他躺在草地上，阳光洒照在他的身上。

All things considered，l think we ought to give the job to George, (all things 和 consider 是被动的关系）

=If all things are considered，! think we ought to give the job to George.

【译文】考虑到方方面面的因素，我认为应该让乔治来做这件工作。

With plenty of homework to do/to be done，Tom will have to stay up tonight.(此处既可用不定式的主动形式，也可用被动形式，但语言的简化趋势使得主动形式较常使用）

=As there is plenty of homework to do/to be done，Tom will have to stay up tonight.

【译文】因为有大量的工作要做，汤姆今晚不得不熬夜。

The dark clouds having dispersed，the sun shone again. (The dark clouds 禾U disperse 是主 动的关系；用完成时态强调disperse在shine之前发生）

=After the dark clouds had dispersed，the sun shone again.

【译文】乌云散去，太阳重放光芒。

The strike having been called off，the workers returned to the factory. (The strike 和 call off是被动的关系；用完成时态强调call off在return之前发生）

=As the strike had been called off，the workers returned to the factory.

【译文】由于罢工已经取消，工人们返回了工厂。

注：名词+ having been done是独立主格结构中相对较复杂的形式，既表7K名词和do的被 动关系，又强调do发生在谓语动词之前。

再比如：

The speech having been delivered，a lively discussion started.

=After the speech had been delivered，a lively discussion started.

【译文】演讲结束后，开始了热烈的讨论。

All the tasks having been fulfilled ahead of time，they decided to go on holiday for a week.

=As/After all the tasks had been fulfilled ahead of time，they decided to go on holiday for a week.

【译文】因为所有的任务都提前完成，他们决定度假一周。

All flights having been cancelled because of the snowstorm，many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

=As all flights had been cancelled because of the snowstorm，many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

【译文】由于暴风雪，所有的航班都已取消，许多乘客别无选择只能乘火车。

A new technique having been worked out，the yields as a whole increased by 20%.

=As a new technique had been worked out,the yields as a whole increased by 20%.

【译文】由于发明了一项新技术，产量整体增长了20%。

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