动名词,顾名思义,就是指“带有动词外表的名词”。所以动名词也跟一般动词一样,会有主动以及被动的用法,但是要记得的就是,无论是被动还是主动的用法,它们的词性永远都是名词。英文老师分享了动名词主动以及被动的用法。
1. V-ing (主动 / 简单式)
I like swimming.
Smoking is bad for you.
I regret not calling you.
这个是动名词最基本的用法,作为主词或是受词。
2. Having + V-p.p.(主动 / 过去式)
I’m proud of having completed university.
Having gone to college is one of the best things I’ve ever done.
这个形式比较特别,虽然长相上长得像完成式,但是当你要用动名词来表达过去语态时,就会使用having + V-p.p.。
3. Being + V-p.p(被动 / 简单式)
She hates being told what to do.
I’m tired of being insulted!
Being robbed is an awful experience.
与一般动词的被动一样,使用被动的动名词时,代表句子语意中的'主词"是"接受动作"的那个,而不是受词。
4. Having + been + V-p.p.(被动 / 过去式)
I’m still angry about having been fired by her.
Aren’t you upset about having been lied to?
同样地,如果要表达过去的语态,就要使用长得像完成式的动名词。
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