“直接引语”如何变成间接引语?
为了配合我们的新概念课程,我们本文讲一讲直接引语和间接引语,以及它们之间如何变化的。本文不算容易,尤其是对于刚接触的同学来说。如果有疑问,可以留言,我会在留言里解答。
所谓直接引语,就是直接引述别人的话,不加任何改变,一般放在引号里。如:He said, “I will learn English.”
所谓间接引语,就是转述别人的话,此时需要改变一些内容,比如主语、时态、地点等。如:He said that he would learn English.
一、直接引语变间接引语时,句式变化方法如下:
1. 陈述句
直接引语:She said, “I will study English.”
间接引语:She said that she would study English.
既然转述别人的话,就不能再用人家的原话了,所以I就变成了she。前面是said过去式,will也就变成过去时的would。
2. 一般疑问句
直接引语:She asked me, “Can you speak English?”
间接引语:She asked me whether I could speak English.
如果别人的原话是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时记得要加上whether,然后倒装变为陈述语序。
3. 特殊疑问句
直接引语:She asked me, “When can you do that?”
间接引语:She asked me when I could do that.
如果别人的原话是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时不用加词,但要把倒装语序变成陈述语序。
4. 祈使句
直接引语:She said to the children, “Don’t play outside.”
间接引语:She told the children not to play outside.
如果别人的原话是祈使句,don't 要变成not to,后面正常。
二、其它变化
1. 指示代词
直接引语 | 间接引语 | |
指示代词 | this 这 | that 那 |
指示代词 | these 这些 | those 那些 |
地点状语 | here 这里 | there 那里 |
2. 动词变化
He said, “I will go there.”
He said that he would come here.
3. 地点状语
He said, “I will go there.”
He said that he would come here.
4. 时间状语
直接引语 | 间接引语 | |
时间状语 | now 现在 | then 那时;当时 |
时间状语 | today 今天 | that day 那天 |
时间状语 | tonight 今晚 | that night 那天晚上 |
时间状语 | this week 本周 | that week 上周 |
时间状语 | yesterday 昨天 | the day before前一天 |
时间状语 | the day before yesterday 前天 | two days before 前两天 |
时间状语 | three days ago三天以前 | three days before 前三天 |
时间状语 | last week 上周 | the l请看评论区eek 前一周 |
时间状语 | tomorrow 明天 | the next day /the following day第二天 |
时间状语 | next week 下周 | the next week 第二个星期 |
时间状语 | next month下个月 | the following month第二个月 |
时间状语 | this morning这个早晨 | that morning那个早晨 |
时间状语 | ago/last以前/最后 | before之前 |
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